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HAJDUKS, SHOOTING

4.25  IVA/VAT inc

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The word hajduk entered the Polish language from Hungarian in the late 16th century. It was initially a colloquial term for a style of footsoldier, Hungarian or Turco-Balkan in inspiration, that was introduced by King Stephen Báthory in the 1570s, and who formed the backbone of the Polish infantry arm from the 1570s until about the 1630s. Unusually for this period, Polish-Lithuanian hajduks wore uniforms, typically of grey-blue woollen cloth, with red collar and cuffs. Their principal weapon was a small calibre matchlock firearm, known as an arquebus. For close combat they also carried a heavy variety of sabre, capable of hacking off the heads of enemy pikes and polearms.

Contrary to popular opinion, the small axe they often wore tucked in their belt (not to be confused with the huge half-moon shaped berdysz axe,  which was seldom carried by hajduks) was not a combat weapon, but rather was intended for cutting wood.

In the mid 17th century hajduk-style infantry largely fell out of fashion in Poland-Lithuania, and were replaced by musket-armed infantry of Western style. However, commanders or hetmans of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth continued to maintain their own liveried bodyguards of hajduks, well into the 18th.


El termino hajduk se  incorporó a la lengua polaca de húngaro a finales del siglo XVI. Era inicialmente un término coloquial para un tipo de infante, de inspiración húngara o Turco-Balcánica, que fueron introducidos por rey Stephen Báthory en el 1570s, y que formó la espina dorsal de la infantería del 1570s hasta el 1630s. Inusualmente para este período, los hajduks Polaco-Lituanos usaron uniformes, típicamente del paño de lana gris-azul, con el cuello y los puños rojos. Su arma principal era el arcabuz, un arma de fuego pequeño de calibre. Para el combate cercano portaban un sable pesado, capaz de cortar la cabeza de picas y armas de asta enemigas.

En contra de la idea popular, el hacha pequeña que portaban al cinto (no hay que confundirla con el hacha bardiche, raramente usada por los hajduks) no eran una arma de combate, sino pensada para el corte de madera.

A mediados del siglo XVII  la infantería hajduks pasó de moda en Polonia-Lituania, y fue substituida por la infantería armada con mosquetes de estilo occidental. Sin embargo, los comandantes o los hetmans de la Commonwealth Polaco-Lituana mantenían sus guardias de corps de hajduks, bien entrado el siglo XVIII.

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